Speaking Frameworks
A framework gives your brain rails to run on when you're put on the spot. Pick one, learn it in two minutes, then practice it live on a random topic.
PREP
Point · Reason · Example · Point
The fastest way to sound structured when put on the spot.
Best for: Impromptu speaking, opinions, Q&A
STAR
Situation · Task · Action · Result
The gold standard for behavioural interview answers.
Best for: Interviews, 'tell me about a time…' stories
PEEL
Point · Evidence · Explain · Link
Make an argument that actually holds together.
Best for: Debates, persuasive points, essays out loud
AREA
Answer · Reason · Example · Answer
PREP's cousin for direct Q&A.
Best for: Answering questions, panels, interviews
Past · Present · Future
Then · Now · Next
A timeline you can hang any topic on.
Best for: Reflective topics, any topic in a pinch
What? So What? Now What?
Fact · Meaning · Action
Turn an observation into an insight and a call to action.
Best for: Analysis, reflections, takeaways
Problem · Solution · Benefit
Pain · Fix · Payoff
The persuasion and pitch workhorse.
Best for: Pitches, persuasion, selling an idea
Rule of Three
Three points, one message
Three is the most memorable number in speaking.
Best for: Structure, memorability, any speech
MECE
Mutually Exclusive · Collectively Exhaustive
Break any problem into clean, complete buckets.
Best for: Case study & consulting questions, analysis
Logic · Proof · Utility
Why it's true · How you know · So do this
Make a claim land: reason it, prove it, then make it useful.
Best for: Persuasion, hot takes, content, sales, 'Why X' claims